Apple HomePod Mini featuring a seamless knitted spacer textile speaker cover and injection moulded transparent plastic touch panel. In the development of the HomePod, a tubular spacer textile construction was developed to remove the need for an unsightly seam. Spacer textile is a highly breathable warp-knitted fabric consisting of two faces connected with filaments in the middle. The mesh acts as both an acoustically transparent cover for the speaker and cushion to protect the electronics within.

Circle Supernatural running show with thermoplastic elastomer (TPE-TPA) foam midsole made with Arkema Pebx Rnew, a partially bio-based elastomer. The knitted textile upper is placed in the mould along with the durable TPE outer sole, and over-moulded with TPE using Mucell physical foam technology. This creates a lightweight and durable shoe with excellent rebound and recovery.

Traditional Icelandic sweater hand knitted with a mix of sheep and alpaca wool.
Relevant materials
Wool, Sheep wool

Bridgedale Trekker sock, circular knitted wool blended with polyamide (PA), nylon and polypropylene (PP) for added wear resistance and strength, and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), spandex, for comfort.

Ethical wool knit.
Relevant materials
Wool, Sheep wool

Knitted cashmere. Originally from India, now the majority of cashmere comes from China.
Relevant materials
Wool, Goat hair, Cashmere

TPU Evolution knitted trainer upper by Coatyarn. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) textiles offer excellent resistance to abrasion, hydrolysis, UV rays, weathering, aging, wear and tear, combined with comfort and drape. As a thermoplastic it is recyclable and may be laminated with heat and pressure alone (without adhesive).

TPU Evolution knitted jacket by Coatyarn. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) textiles offer excellent resistance to abrasion, hydrolysis, UV rays, weathering, aging, wear and tear, combined with comfort and drape. As a thermoplastic it is recyclable and may be laminated with heat and pressure alone (without adhesive).

Spinks Springs micro spring held within pockets formed from warp knitted polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, spacer textile

Knitted stainless steel 304 fabric for upholstery, interiors and apparel by Inntex, embossed with a floral motif. Photo courtesy of Inntex.

Kelsun seaweed based bioplastic fibre is made up of 75% kelp derived biopolymer and an additive package that creates a material which can be spun into a fibre with useful properties and low carbon footprint.

Polypropylene (PP) knitted fabric moulded with heat and pressure to form a permanent 3D structure

Nike Hyperfuse Air Max 90, featuring thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film welded to knitted polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, upper.

Nike Hyperfuse Air Max 90, featuring thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) film welded to knitted polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, upper in neon yellow.

Amber Cycle developed a chemical recycling process that converts waste textile into new polyester without any loss of quality. The recycled material is suitable for all the same applications as regular polyester, including products, furniture, automotive and fibre. Image Amber Cycle.

Knitted jumper made with 67% polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, and 33% cotton.

NaNea by OceanSafe is a 25-30% bio-based polyester that is biodegradable in soil, marine and landfill environments. It is suitable for all types of apparel as a drop-in replacement for regular polyester, including synthetic fur.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, spacer fabric produced in a single Raschel warp knitting process, consisting of multi-filament faces separated by stiff mono-filament spacer yarns. This creates a highly breathable structure with very good stretch compression properties. It is used in a range of applications, from mattresses and upholstery to garments, footwear and electronics products.

Patagonia shearling pile fleece jacket made with recycled polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester.

Nike Flyknit produced with polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, 3D knitted to create a one-piece upper with varying density to provide the right balance of support and ventilation.

Pleated polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, knitted garment

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, spacer fabric produced in a single Raschel warp knitting process, consisting of multi-filament faces and stiff mono-filament spacer yarns

Multi-layer knitted polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, fabric with inlaid polyester yarn.

Multi-colour spacer textile automotive seat upholstery, manufacturing with Raschel warp knitting in polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester.

Sequins bonded to polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, knit fabric

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, spacer fabric produced in a single Raschel warp knitting process, consisting of multi-filament faces separated by stiff mono-filament spacer yarns. This creates a highly breathable structure with very good stretch compression properties. It is used in a range of applications, from mattresses and upholstery to garments, footwear and electronics products.

Whistles woven polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyester, bag with knitted polyester mesh outer, screen printed white. Manufactured by Progress Packaging. Image Progress Packaging.

Agraloop Biofibre fabric for Zara Home by Circular Systems. This innovative textile is produced with hemp fibres leftover from medicinal crop production. Image Zara.
Relevant materials
Hemp, Fibre

Agraloop Biofibre fabric by Circular Systems produced with hemp fibres leftover from medicinal crop production. Image Circular Systems.
Relevant materials
Hemp, Fibre

Knitted grass slippers.
Relevant materials
Grass, Fibre, strand

Knitted jumper made with 55% linen (flax) and 45% cotton

Knit fabric made with Texloop RCOT (recycled cotton) from Circular Systems. Image Circular Systems.
Relevant materials
Cotton, Recycled

Organic Threads un-dyed socks produced with Foxfibre naturally coloured organic cotton. Growing the cotton in natural colours eliminates the chemicals and water needed for dyeing - removing one of the most environmentally and socially detrimental stages in the textile supply chain. These socks are blended with 10% nylon to enhance stretch, durability, and longevity. Image Rhythmic Tones.
Relevant materials
Cotton, Organic

Recycle cotton yarns, held together with chains of lockstitch, used for kitchen cloths and industrial fabric for mopping up liquids. Cotton fibres are hollow and able to absorb a lot of water.
Relevant materials
Cotton, Recycled

Net bag, by Laila Gohar for Hay, in recycled cotton
Relevant materials
Cotton, Recycled

Knitted copper wire fabric for upholstery, interiors and apparel by Inntex, embossed with a floral motif and coated with polyurethane resin (PUR) to maintain the bright copper colour. Image by Inntex.

HeiQ AeoniQ regenerated cellulose fibre made in an almost closed loop process, which is different from conventional cellulose fibre production. Made from renewable ingredients, such as wood pulp, the fibre has similar elongation and tenacity to polyester (PET). Image HeiQ AeoniQ.

Hugo Boss shirt made with 87% HeiQ AeoniQ, a regenerated cellulose fibre made with a unique manufacturing process, using PH-neutral chemistry and >99% of the water is recycled. This is different from conventional regenerated cellulose production, which relies on some hazardous chemicals and solvents to extract and spin the cellulose, and it is not a closed loop process. HeiQ AeoniQ fibre has similar elongation and tenacity to polyester (PET). Image HeiQ AeoniQ.

Beosound Balance, by Benjamin Hubert for Bang & Olufsen, 2022, with wool-blend knitted fabric speaker cover and anodised aluminium top


Knitted polyacrylonitrile (PAN), acrylic, fibre textured to mimic the softness and handle of wool.

A machine knitted synthetic jumper made with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), acrylic fibre, mimicking the texture and consistency of wool.