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E-glass fibre
0.7-2 usd/kg
E-glass, so-called because it was originally developed for electrical insulators (the boron in its chemistry improves electrical properties), is most common type of glass fibre. It is an alumina‐borosilicate glass with low levels of alkali oxides.
Production of glass fibre has become very efficient and cost-effective, with prices starting at less than 1 usd/kg, partly due to the huge demand from wind turbine manufacture, and automotive application.
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Sustainability concerns
Non-renewable ingredients
Raw material generates polluting by-products
Low circularity potential
Microplastics
Glass fibre reinforced epoxy flakes, measuring around 30 mm in length and randomly orientated, are applied as sheet moulding compound (SMC). These materials are suitable for compression moulding 3D shapes, which greatly reduces cycle time compared to regular composite laminating. They are used in automotive, aerospace, transport and military applications that require structural performance combined with chemical resistance and excellent electrical properties.